Ontogeny of intruding non-periplasmodial tapetum in the wild chicory,Cichorium intybus (Compositae)

The tapetal development ofCichorium intybus L. is investigated using LM and TEM and discussed in relation to the development in other species. During the second meiotic division the tapetal cells become binucleate and lose their cell walls. They intrude the loculus at the time of microspore release from the meiotic callose walls, which means that a locular cavity is never present in this species. During pollen development they tightly junct the exine, especially near the tips of the spines. During the two-celled pollen grain stage they degenerate and most of their content turns into pollenkitt. Until anther dehiscence they keep their individuality, which means that these intruding tapetal cells never fuse to form a periplasmodium. The ultrastructural cytoplasmatic changes during this development are discussed in relation to possible functions.     

The systematic relationships ofAegialitis (Plumbaginaceae) as revealed by pollen morphology

Light and first SEM observations on the pollen ofAegialitis indicate that the two species of the genus are clearly distinguishable from all other genera of the tribeStaticeae to whichAegialitis presently is relegated. Intraspecific exine or aperture dimorphism which appears frequently in this tribe, is not recorded in this genus.A. annulata andA. rotundifolia have distinct monomorphic pollen and show a great resemblance in exine features with the tribePlumbagineae, particularly species ofPlumbago. Considering these and other features, separate subtribal status forAegialitis within thePlumbagineae is proposed.     

14种石斛属(兰科)植物的花粉团形态及分类学意义

利用体式显微镜和扫描电镜观察了14种石斛的花粉团形态及其表面纹饰超微特征,为该属的物种划分和系统演化提供花粉形态证据。解剖镜下,14种石斛的花药里有4枚花粉团,表面金黄油亮呈蜡质,质地坚硬。根据每种石斛的4枚花粉团的总体轮廓形态和大小,可分为3种形态(心形、近心形和长心形)和4种类型(极小花粉团,小花粉团,大花粉团和超大花粉团)。根据单个花粉团边界轮廓的曲直,可将其分为4种类型(月牙型、弓型、棍状和米粒型)。扫描电镜下,14种石斛的花粉团表面纹饰类型有5种(光滑平整型、光滑带丝状突起型、光滑不平整型、粗网纹状型和皱波状型),在广东石斛和球花石斛的花粉团表面观察到晶体的存在。花粉团的形态大小和外壁纹饰特征在种间变化明显,对澄清石斛属的分类学问题有一定意义。     

Aphyllophorales del Bosco della Mesola (Ferrara)

Abstract

Aphyllophorales from Mesola Forest (Ferrara) Italy—The present check-list is the first contribution to the knowledge of Aphyllophorales growing in the area of the Mesola Forest. The paper deals with 72 species of Aphyllophorales collected during the years 1980-1983. A further contribution will complete the picture of the Aphyllophorales flora which is particularly interesting and abundant in the forest.

Some of the species listed in the present paper are quite interesting since they are uncommon: Meruliopsis hirtellus and Oxyporus latemarginatus are new to Italy; Flaviporus semisupiniformis is the first European finding and the second world collection.     

Pollen morphology and structure of Tropical and Subtropical American genera of the Piptadenia -group (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)

A survey of the pollen morphology of the American taxa of the Piptadenia -group (Mimoseae) was done including all together 384 species of the following genera: Piptadenia , Parapiptadenia , Pseudopiptadenia , Piptadeniopsis , Microlobius (= Goldmania ), Stryphnodendron , Adenopodia , Anadenanthera and Mimosa . Because of a high morphological and structural variation the definition and characterization of pollen types turned out to be very difficult. Nevertheless the presence and durability of some pollen characters allow a provisional grouping: (1) always tetrads or polyads, (2) small size 6 (20) 40 mum, (3) unstable shape but currently ovoidal and, if biconvex, ellipsoidal in the outline, (4) number of pollen grains of the polyads very variable and unstable; the most frequent numbers are 8-12-16, (5) pollen grains irregularly united in polyads, with homomorphous exine and, (6) pores always located in the angles of the pollen grains in distal-subdistal position, rarely subdistal, (7) without or with pseudocolpi or subpseudocolpi (never colpi) in the distal face, (8) endexine forming an annulus around the endoaperture with ends of free lamellae with a central white line, (9) the tectal stratum above the pores forming a small vestibular space (except in Anadenanthera ). These palynological characters or most of them confirm the affinity among genera in the Piptadenia -group and its distinction from other taxa of the subfamily Misosoideae with tetrads or polyads.     

Pollen morphology in the genus Veronica L. (Plantaginaceae) and its systematic significance

Pollen grains of 30, mainly annual, species from 134 populations of the genus Veronica (Plantaginaceae, formerly Scrophulariaceae) from the Mediterranean Region, have been studied with light and scanning electron microscopy. Three pollen types are defined based on pollen size and exine surface sculpture. In some cases within the study group pollen size can be useful in species determination. Hypothetical relationships of pollen grain size and aperture number with ploidy level, style length and corolla diameter are discussed. The ornamentation of the exine in Veronica, although generally a conservative character within the genus, gives some additional support to the most recent infrageneric classification of Veronica.     

Spore morphology of the north Asian members of Cystopteridaceae

Spores of Cystopteridaceae from northern Asia were examined using scanning electron microscopy. To evaluate the utility of spore morphology in the taxonomy of each genus, we examined spores of 14 species: seven species each of Gymnocarpium and Cystopteris. Among these are 12 species occurring in northern Asia and two species from other regions for comparative studies. The study focused particularly on perispore characters and spore size. Spores of all species examined are monolete, bean-shaped, with a range in spore size of 26–56 × 18–37 μm for Cystopteris and 25–48 × 16–34 μm for Gymnocarpium. The perispore is morphologically diverse within Cystopteris, but less so within Gymnocarpium. The perispore of the Cystopteris spores is characterised by folds and spines that are separate or form complex sculptural elements. Sacci, ridges and flanges, sometimes on the same spore, are characteristic of the perispore of Gymnocarpium. Spores have straight laesura over which the perispore forms a crest. The crest represents a high and flat fold, which is entire, foveolate or reticulate.     

芒果品种的花粉形态

用扫描电镜和光学显微镜对芒果（ＭａｎｇｉｆｅｒａｉｎｄｉｃａＬ．）１０个栽培品种的花粉形状、大小、外壁纹饰作了比较研究,结果表明：不同品种花粉粒形状、外壁纹饰等性状存在不同程度的差异,可作为区分某些品种的参考。三年芒、元江象牙、虎豹牙、红象牙、马切苏、椰香芒、大青皮、黄皮大头芒花粉外壁纹饰较为相似,可能反映出较为紧密的亲缘关系。三克里芒纹饰与以上８个品种区别较大,红光６号脊宽等性状介于二者之间